Artifact 10: The Rural Exodus

What is the definition of urbanization? Urbanization is the process of mass migration from the countryside to the city. There were so many different reasons for urbanization in 19^TH century England which can be categorized as push or pull factors. The man push factor was land expropriation by the landlords. Without there own land, farmers were forced to work for very low wages or to move to factories. Other push factors included the failure of the potato crop and the decline in cottage industries. Women and children had previously been able to work in small factories in the countryside making thing like clothes and textiles, however the industrial revolution and machines meant that these thing cloud be produced much more cheaply in the city.

Some people argued however that there were many pull factors as well. The city offered many advantages over the countryside such as more jobs, higher wages, and even a more exciting social life for young people. Also very important was the allure of cheap or even free land in the new world such as Canada or Australia.

     

The good thing about urbanization is that people can get more money for the some amount of work compared to the countryside, and also the city has more social life and culture. The bad thing about urbanization is that cities have bad air and water. People don’t have enough space to live and it is so noisy. Many people go to the city to find a job, so the countryside will only have old people and children, which is very sad. Maybe we should balance development between the city and countryside. That will help the cities and countryside to look like they should, without too many people in any one place.

      Many other countries went through urbanization too, including Taiwan. Taiwan took only 40 years to urbanize compared to Britain which took hundreds of years, so people called that time the “Taiwan miracle”. But urbanization brought many problems to Taiwan, too. The problem with urbanization is that many people go to big cities like Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung and also to industrial parks for good jobs to make more money then if they stayed in countryside. But if so many people go to big cities for work then in the countryside there will only be children and old people. The other big problem is in the industrial park the factories are open all day and the pollution will come out so the air and water will be dirty. People in the city will think all the best things are in the big city so they will all send their children to the city for their education to learn more. But children with poor parents will go to the worse schools in the countryside. It will be a vicious circle where the countryside stays poor.  

Artifact 9-My life in 19th century Britain

I am Jack, seven years old. I follow the same monotonous routine everyday so I feel tired so I don’t want to go to the factory, but our family is poor so we need to work everyday. Now I walk to the factory and I hear the sound of the shift bell and the dull beat of machines. I know if I come to the factory to work it will be 12 hours before I can take a break, but I have no choice. This is 19^th century Britain; the only way to make money is to go to a factory to work. When I do my work I can see that the worker next to me is also a child. Now I turn my head to look out the window and I see rich children having a very nice life because they go to school to study. I guess those children are our boss’s children. I feel very jealous. Why are we stuck here when we are only children? At this age we should be free to play with our friends and go to school for study. We should not be in here working for the boss to make a lot of money for him, not for us. So l feel the world is not fair to us. We make clothes that the boss will sell and he just gives us a few shillings. I feel weird that even after I work here for two years I still haven’t met our boss. We feel powerless to ask for more money. I hope one day I can be like our boss, so after work when I come home I still need to study by myself. The only way to make more money is to have a good education. This is my life at seven years old in 19^th century Britain.  

Artifact 8

Picture! about child work in factory! no school,everyday work in factory

Artifact 7: Influential British Artists, Poets, Writers, Musicians

THE DAFFODILS; OR, I WANDERED LONELY AS A CLOUD
by: William Wordsworth (1770-1850)

WANDERED lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host, of golden daffodils;

Beside the lake, beneath the trees,

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

 

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,

They stretched in never-ending line

Along the margin of the bay:

Ten thousand saw I at a glance,

Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

 

The waves beside them danced; but they

Out-did the sparkling waves in glee

A poet could not but be gay,

In such a jocund company

I gazed -- and gazed -- but little thought

What wealth the show to me had brought:

 

For oft, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,

They flash upon that inward eye

Which is the bliss of solitude;

And then my heart with pleasure fills,

And dances with the daffodils.

Artifact 6 music video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmrxIe7gLYY

we make our video!


Well you fell down and you tried to get up
You tried to beat me but you’re so crazy you blew it
You fell right through the cracks
Now you’re trying to get back
Before the soldiers run out
I’ll be giving it my bestest
And nothing’s gonna stop me cause I am now perfect
I reckon its again my turn to win some or take some

I won’t wait for you no more, no more
You can’t win, we’re Britain

Well open up your eyes and see the truth
Open up your gate and let me in
Look into your place and you’ll find corpse, corpse, corpse, corpse
Listening to the whining of the blooded soldiers killed by me
I love the taste of victory
And it’s our Godforsaken right to be strong, strong, strong, strong, strong

So I won’t wait for you no more, no more
You cannot win, We’re Britain
There’s no need to fight us
Our time is gold
This is your fate, we’re Britain.

Artifact 5: Google Earth

http://www.mediafire.com/?3wlrkfa8g2kaa22





In Canada, the British established the Hudson's Bay Company to do the fur trade. They traded things from Europe like wine and metal cutlery for furs with aboriginals.

In Hong Kong, the British sold opium to the Chinese, because they thought they bought a lot of tea from China so they wanted to sell something back to the Chinese.

In Australia, the British put criminals in jail because America was no longer an option after American independence.

In South Africa, the British took many black slaves and sent them to America to work.

Reflection

1. A) which main topic does the artifact relate to? In what ways?

I am explaining how the British controlled the world at the peak of their Empire.

  b) Which other main topics does it also relate to?

It also relates to the fur trade in Canada, slavery from Africa, and the opium wars from China.

    2. Why did you choose this artifact, and how much time did you spend creating and/or processing it?

I wanted to show everyone what the British took from each of their colonies. I spent about two hours to make the video.

  3. What insights and understanding have you gained from the creation and/or processing of this artifact?

I learned what the British Empire was doing around the word during the 19^th century.

    

4. Does this artifact reflect your best work and/or ideas? Why, or why not?

Yes, I believe I did a quality job because I learned something about what the British were doing in each of those countries instead of just searching for the countries on Google earth.

    

5. Rate this artifact on a scale of -5 to 5(0 is neutral) for the following 4 criterion:

I will give myself a 4 because I think I did a not so bad job on this artifact.

    

6. Any additional comments.

This was an interesting artifact.

Artifact 4: Important Women in Britain

Florence Nightingale (1820 - 1910)

Florence Nightingale born in Florenc, Italy.She born in rich family. Legend of Florence Nightingale once heard God speak to her, asked her to become a nurse. In fact, as early as 1837 in the Aibo Li Park (Embley Park) beginning. At  that time, the nurse is a very bad reputation, only the lower class woman to do this job., When the war broke out in the army need to battens this job was so hard to do also it was dangerous. 1845, Florence Nightingale nurse said she would join the post. Her family was so angry about that. However, the performance was Florence Nightingale changed the negative image of nurses. So her family agree with her idea. She has been taking care of some of the poor. In December 1844, a poor man a factory in London hospitals died, at this time, Florence Nightingale Hospital to improve health care for the environment has become an advocate. So people were changing their idea to think nurse was the bad job.

King Edward VII in 1907 will be abundance of Merit awarded to the Florence Nightingale, is the first granted women.

1867 London Waterloo Monument Square, the Crimea, Nightingale cast for the bronze lantern.

In 1912, the International Council of Nurses will be May 12 birthday of Florence Nightingale as the International Nurses Day.

In 1912, the International Committee of the Red Cross decision awarded every two years Florence Nightingale medals and certificates, as the highest national honor in international nursing award.

Artifact 3: Headline News - The Luddites

In19th century, many workers think that their misfortune is caused by the machine. It is said that one of the UK Leicester County worker named Lourdes. In 1811, the first people burn the machine, and the boss was angry about that, also other worker follow the Lourdes to break the machine. Later, people brought in the destruction of the movement of the machine called the "Lourdes Movement".

Artifact 2- idea page

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Artifact 1: Primary Source - Child Labor in Cotton Factories! (OPVL)

A conversation between Southey and a Manchester gentleman who is showing him over the cotton factories.

Mr. -------- remarked that nothing could be so beneficial to a country as manufacture. 'You see these children, sir,' said he. 'In most parts of England poor children are a burthen to their parents and to the parish; here the parish, which would else have to support them, is rid of all expense; they get their bread almost as soon as they can run about, and by the time they are seven or eight years old bring in money. There is no idleness among us: they come at five in the morning; we allow them half an hour for breakfast, and an hour for dinner; they leave work at six, and another set relieves them for the night; the wheels never stand still.'
I was looking, while he spoke, at the unnatural dexterity with which the fingers of these little creatures were playing in the machinery, half giddy myself with the noise and the endless motion; and when he told me there was no rest in these walls, day or night, I thought that if Dante had peopled one of his hells with children, here was a scene worthy to have supplied him with new images of torment.
'These children then,' said I, 'have no time to receive instruction.' 'That, sir,' he replied 'is the evil which we have found. Girls are employed here from the age you see them till they marry, and then they know nothing about domestic work, not even how to mend a stocking or boil a potato. But we are remedying this now, and send the children to school for an hour after they have done work.' I asked if so much confinement did notinjure their health. 'No' he replied, 'they are as healthy as any children in the world could be. To be sure, many of them as they grew up went off in consumptions, but consumption was the disease of the English. ...'
'We are well off for hands in Manchester,' said Mr. ------; 'manufacturers are favourable to population, the poor are not afraid of having a family here, the parishes therefore have always plenty to apprentice, and we take them as fast as they can supply us. In new manufacturing towns they find it difficult to get a supply. Their only method is to send people round the country to get children from their parents. Women usually undertake this business; they promise the parents to provide for the children; one party is glad to be eased of a burden; and it answers well to the other to find the young ones in food, lodging and clothes, and receive their wages.' 'But if these children should be ill-used', said I. 'Sir,' he replied, 'it never can be the interest of the women to use them ill, nor of the manufacturers to permit it.'
It would have been in vain to argue had I been disposed to it. Mr. ------- was a man of humane and kindly nature, who would not himself use any thing cruelly, and judged of others by his own feelings. I thought of the cities in Arabian romance, where all the inhabitants were enchanted: here Commerce is the Queen witch, and I had no talisman strong enough to disenchant those who were daily drinking of the golden cup of her charms
Robert Southey, Letters from England (1807).

 Who created it? Dr. Marjie Bloy

 Who is the author? Robert Southey

 When was it created? 1807

 When was it published? 1807

Where was it published? England

 Who is publishing it? Robert Southey

 Is there anything we know about the author that is pertinent to our evaluation? He disagree about   

        Child labor.

 Why does this document exist? They want people to know the child work in factory.

 Why did the author create this piece of work? What is the intent? Author want people knows that child didn’t go to school they go to work.

 Why did the author choose this particular format? Author want we know that.

 Who is the intended audience? Who was the author thinking would receive this? I think is all the  

        People.

 What does the document “say”? A conversation between Southey and a man Chester gentleman.

 Can it tells you more than are on the surface? Yes

 What can we tell about the author from the piece? He agrees about this event.

What can we tell about the time period from the piece? 1807

 Under what circumstances was the piece created and how does the piece reflect those

        Circumstances? Under the circumstances that there were lots of child labor, this piece reflect that  

        Child labor is bad because they can't study.

 What can we tell about any controversies from the piece? Not only the author thought child labor    

    Was wrong.

 Does the author represent a particular ‘side’ of a controversy or event? Yes, he thought it was 

        Wrong.

 What was going on in history at the time the piece was created and how does this piece accurately           

        Reflect it? I don't know.

 What part of the story can we NOT tell from this document? The conclusion of this event.

 How could we verify the content of the piece? The author tell us the child work in the factory.

Does this piece inaccurately reflect anything about the time period? No.

 What does the author leave out and why does he/she leave it out (if you know)? The feeling of    

        Those kids. I don't know.

 What is purposely not addressed? I don’t know.